Internal-combustion engine



Jan. 8, 1929.

L. M. WOOLSON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 2. 1924 3 Sheets- Sheet l n Y v L ff IIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllw v Jan. 8, 1929. 1,698,044

' L. M. WOOLSON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IFiled Jan. 2, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 4,49 l woe 1x r My ...Lio-'mL MWVo'LsovZ/f Jan. 8, 1929.

L. M. WOOLSON YINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE .3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fqlled Jan. 2, 1924 very little room on the engine and be readily Patented .ra-n. s, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT oF'FicE. f

LIONEL M. WOOLSON, DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CA COMIIPANY,- OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

IN TERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed January 2, 1924. Serial No. 683,936.

' This invention relates to internal combustion engines and particularly to the varipus vpumps which form a part of the mechanism of such engines.

'O ne of the obects' ofthe present lnventionis to provide a pump unit for an internal combustion engine which will accomphsh all of the pumping functions of the engine.

Another object of the inventionl 1s to provide a pump unit which will house the Water,

and oil pumps in a single support. V

Another object of the invention 1s to provide a pump unit that will support the oil, Water and liquid fuel pumps together.

Another object of the invention .is to provide a detachable unit for an internal combustion engine which will have as a part thereof, the oil pump, the Water pump, and the liquid fuel pump.

Another object of the invention is to so combine three of the pump elements of an internal combustion engine that they willA take accessible for repair or replacement. Y

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel form of pump unit which is particularly useful Where a plurality of pumps of different character are required.

@ther objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which:

Fig. 1 .is a vertical section through the end portion of an internal combustion engine elnbodyingethe invention, thepump unitbeing shown'in yelevation Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the pump unit of this invention and contiguous parts of the engine in which it is mounted, the section being substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. 7

.F g. .3 1s a' section taken through the oil right angles to Fig. 2 g,

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section substantially on the line 4-4of Figs. l, 2 and 3;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section substantially 0n the line 55 of Figs. 1, 2 and 3;

Fig-6 is a horizontal section substantially on the line 6-6 of Figs. 1, 2 and 3;

Fig. 7 is a planview of the pump unit on substantially the same scale as Figs. 1 and 3, with .a portion'oil the engine crankcase shojwn vin dot-and-dash lines. Some of the parts of this figure are shown in section andthe sec- Fig. 8 is a section substantially on the line l sl-e'of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a section on the line9--9 of Fig.

Fig. 10 is a section-on -the line 10-10 of Fig. 2; and l Fig. 11 is a lsection substantially on the line 11-11 of Fig. 7, this figure being slightly distorted to more clearly illustrate some of the oil conduits .or passages.

Referring to the drawings, 2O is the upper l part and 21 the lower part or oil'pan of an engine crankcase, these parts being detachably connected at the linel 22, in the usual manner. .Mounted in a plurality of separated bearings 23 is the engine'crankshaft 24.

upon the cranks of which are connecting rods 25. The twoconnecting rods on a single crank as shown are for a V-type engine.' -At the front end-of the crankshaft is a bevel. gear 26 meshing with a bevel gear 27 for driving. a Vertical shaft 28 which runs to the'upp'er part of the engine for operating the camshaft or other mechanism of the engine. T h gear 26 also meshes with a bevel gear 29 on va shaft 30 supported in a bracket 31 on a bearing ,6ap`32` which supports the front bearing 23 offthey engine crankshaft. Supported uponA lthe front end of the crankcase is an engine starter 33, usually an electric starter, and thisstarter may be connected to the front end of, the crankshaft by means of suitable clutch jaws. 34 as will be understood. i

The lower half or bottom panf21 of the crankcase, which receives the oil drained from the various bearings of the engine, is

formed with an opening 35, near the end of the crankcase, as shown' particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, and this opening is adapted to be closed or covered by the p'ump unit of this invention. This pump unitis detachably connected over the opening so that the unit may he removed as a whole for repair or replacement and all of the connections between the pump unit and the interior of the crankcase are made and broken as the'pump unitis at'- tached to or detached from the crankcase.

The pump vunit is represented generally by the numeral 3G and it is secured to the crankcase by means of a plurality offstuds and nuts 37. A suitable gasket 38 may be arranged between the flanges or machined surfaces ofv the crankcase land pump unit so that a suit able tight joint may be made.

p right- When the pump unit is placed in position against and secured to the crankcase, four connections between the unit and the interior of the crankcase are automaticallyA made. The first of fthese is a mechanical connection which' comprises a joint 39, shown particularly in Figs. 1, 2 and.10, this being a slip joint between the depending end of the shaft anda shaft mounted in the pump unit, which latter shaftI will be hereinafter more fully described. The joint comprises a tonguel 40 on the shaft 30 which slips into a cross vslot 41 formed in the head 42 of the driven shaft referred to above. A. collar 43 surrounds 'the head 42 to strengthen the latter .It will be seen that with this connection the unit can be moved upwardly into position and the tongu'e'40 will readily enter thevslot 41 and forma driving connection between the shaft 30and the head 42. y

. The second of the four connections is indicated at 44, in Figs.' 1 and 2, and this is simshown particularly in Fig. 1 and it is evident that it is in communicationy wit-h the interior of the crankcase at the bottom thereof near the front end.

The fourth of these connections is shown particularly in Fig. 11 and is indica-ted at 46, this also being a union between a passage in the pump unit and a passagel in the crankcase. "Its purpose will hereinafter more `fully appear.

The pump unit 36 is shown as acasting forming several casings or compartments in which -the various pumps and vshafts and gears are mounted or supported. Referring to Fi s. 1, 2 and 7, it will be seen that the and part of the casting there shown forms a casing 47 for a centrifugal pump and forming an extension above this .casing is a casing 48 for the shaft of that pump. A large inlet forthe centrifugal pump, which may be a water pump, is indicated at 49 and the two outlets are shown at 50, in Figs. 1 and 7. The inlet is adapted for connection` by rubber hose or otherwise with the outlet end of the f radiator of the engine and the -outlets 50 are adapted for connection by hose orotherwise p with the respective cylinder blocks of vthe engine. Further connection will be made, of course` fromtlie cylinderv blocks to the intake end of the radiator, not shown. This provides full circulation forthe water for cooling i its shaft is shown'at 52-extending through p Agine bearings. These three oil pumps are dicate at 51 as mounte in the casing 47 and the casing 48 and its upper part forming the so that by turning them relatively Athey may 7 be adjusted longitudinally of the shaft.

Packing material is provided at 59 and 6() and by adjustingthe rings 55 and 56 this packing material may be compressed more tightly around the shaft 52. By thus providing two separate packingmeans, for the shaft 52 there is very little chance for any'water from the centrifugal pump to reach the interior of the crankcase 21. For lubricating the bearing sleevesof the shaft 52, the latter is drilled out as shown at 6l and provided with branch openings 62.-V

The interior of the casing 48 is accessible through an opening 68 closed by aremovable plug or cover 64. i

A small compartment or casing about the size of the casing 48 is formed inthe casting 3,6 above part of the casing 47 and alongside of the `casing 48. This casing is Vindicated at 65 'and it houses a. pair ofbevel gears 66 and j 67 for driving the liquid fuel pump of the engine. The casing is -open'at its upper end and a block 68 is mounted in the opening' and formsl a bearing for the hollow shaft `69 of the gear 66.- yA spur gear 70'1 isushownjas n' forme-d integral with theupper endof the shaft 69, which spur gear meshes with the. spur gear 53`above referred to. Thus the,

shaft 69 is parallel with and ad'acent to the sha-ft 52 of the water pump an by the water pump Referring particularly to Fig. 9, it will be seen that the gear 67 is connected directly to a pumpl 71,

having aninletpipe 72 and an outlet pipe 7 3, which pipes .may be connectedv it is driven shaft. This compartment p and gearing are shown best in Figs. 2 and 9.

is detachably connected to the removing the pump the gear 6.7 and its bearing are removed' with it.

The engine shown ,'s provided with `the usual dry sump system,

which the oil is drawn from the crankcase that is, a system in and discharged intofasuitableoil container or tank from which it is pumped under pres-1V sure to the varioushearings of the engine.`

The withdrawing pump .or pumps have a greater capacity than the pressurepump so that practically of the crankcase.l In-'thev form.. shown there are two oil pumps for draining theoil'from. the crankcase, one connected at eitherend of the crankcase, and a single pump, Vsmaller inl capacity than either of the othertwo.` i for umping the oil from the oil tank to the enno oil remains in the bottom` mounted as a unit in a compartment or casand the three pumps are designated respectively ,76, 77, and 78. The pumps 76 and 77 are the withdrawing pumps and pump 78 is the pressure pump. All three of these pumps v ,are shownas gear pumps and they are all driven by a single shaft 79 upon which one ofthe gears of each pump is mounted, the other gear of each of the pumps being mounted upon a shaft or tube 80. Bearings 81 and 82 are provided for the lower ends of these shafts respectively, and bearings 83 and 84 are provided for their upper ends. The latter two bearings are -in a block or cover 85 which 'secures the three-pumps in t-he casing, bolts 86 being provided for this purpose. The gears of pump 76 are in a block or hous ing 87, the gears of pump 77 are in a block or housing 88 and the gears of pump 78 are in a bloc-k or `housing 89, and these blocks form parts of the pumps and serve to separate themfin their action andform passages for the oil. A gear 79 meshes with gear 70 and drives shaft 79.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 4 and 7, it will be seen that the port hereinbefore referred to, opens through the plate 85 into a space 90 formed between a portion of the block 87 and the casing 75. From this space 90 there is a/ port 91 leading to the inlet side of the pump 76. Ou the opposite or delivery side of the pump 76 there is a port 92 leading to a space 93 formed between another portionv of the block 87 and the casing 7 5. A

-port 94 leads downwardly from the space 93 to a similar space 95 between a portion of the block 88 and the casing 75.

Arranged in the bottom of the crankcase or pan 21 and extending from adjacent the opposite end thereof to the connection 44 above referred to, is a pi e 96. This pipe connects, as will be seen in igs. 1 and 2, with the joint or connection 44 and as t-he pipe runs to the remote end of the crankcase any suction therein will draw oil from that end of the crankcase when it is lower than the end of thc crankcase in which this pump unit is mounted. A passage 97 formed in the 'casting 36' extends from the joint 44 vto a Yspace 98 formed between a portion of the block88 and the casing 75. A ort-99 leads to the intake side ofthe pump 7 7) and a port 100 leads from the Outlet side of the pump into the space 95 above described, Thus pumps 76 and 77 'both emptyinto this space 95. A port 1-011eads into. af space or conduit 102 which extends downwardly through the casing, as shown particularly in Fig. 11, to an outlet pipe 103,

whichpipe maybe connected by a suitablel tube 104 with the oil reservoir or-tank. In'

Fig. 1` the pipe 104 is shown diagram'matically as leading to a tank or supply reservoir 105, this tank preferably being vented so that the oil 4therein is under atmospheric` pressure.

A pipe 106 leads from the bottom of the tank 105 back to the pump unit or to the inlet connection 107 thereof. The inlet connectimi 107 is lon a strainer housing 108, shownparticularly in Figs. 3 'and 6, which housing eX- tends from the side of the casingn75 and is preferably formed as an integral part 'of the pump unit'. The open end of the housing 108'- is closed'by4 a cover 109 secured in place by a nut 110 on the end of a shaft 111, which shaft is hollow at its inner end'and threaded as at 112 into thc casing 75 in line with the pump 78. A strainer 113, of basket form, is arranged in the housin v presses it lightly towards the cover 109. Thus the cover and spring retain the strainer in position. The hollow part of the shaft 111 has several lateral openings 115 for communication between t-he interior of the strainerl and the interior of the shaft.YY Thusthe oil` passing` from the pipe 106 and through the connection107 into the housing 108 will .pass through the screen 113 and into the shaft 111.

The interior of the shaft communicates with a space 116 between a portion of the pum block 89 and the casing 75, and a port 11 communicates with the intake side of the pressure pump 78. A port 118- leads .from

the pressure side of the pump to a space 119 between another portion of the plug 89 and the `casing 7 5. From the space`119 a port 120 leads to a space 121, whichis avconduit of somewhat spiral formon the outside of the casing and which leads from the lower part of the lcasing to the upper part thereof. The upper part of this space 121y is indicated by the numeral 122 in order to make it somewhat clearer and the continuityo-f this 108 and a spring 114 passage is shown best in Fig. 11. rI The space 122is shown in Fig. 4 and the outside of the space 121 is also shown in plan in that View,

lthe numeral 121abeing used to indicate it.

In order that the degree of ypressure may be limited, a pressure relief valve is provided in the outlet from the pressure pump 7 8. This relief valve is shown in full section'in Fig; 8 and in part section in Fig. 11.` The outlet port from the space 121..:fto vthe relief valve is indicated at 123 and the valve itself is shown at 124. A spring 125 holds the valve to its seat and this spring is adjustable by aj threaded plug 126. Aflock nut 127 sets the plug in its adjusted' position. There are several passages 128 through which the oil may passte the interior-of the valve chamber and a passage 129 extends fromthe relief valve to the space 102 above referred to. It will be understood that. the space 102 is the space into which both of the other v pumps, 6 and 77, deliver and from there the oil is carried through `the pipes 103 and 104 to the tank 105;4 In Fig. 11 the passage 129 vappears to be somewhat shorter than it' distorted for the purpose of illustrating the spiral space 121, 122. The passage 129 is shownin dotted lines in Fig. 5 as extending from the-relief valve to the space102.` 'j

- .From the above description .of the r'eliefg-`v claim and. desire entis'zff 1. In; an internal combustion engine, 'up 1 shafts mounted'- in support rej-tj.,

valve' and its connections 1t will be seen that when the pressure in the space 121 reaches* a predetermined point the valve wil1"open .:w and some of the oil from the pressure pump will pass back into the oil reservoir so thatthe maximum pressure desired inthe system will notbeexceeded.

The space'or pressure Achamber 122 may be seenin Figs. 3, 4 and 11. Its outlet port 130 forms the union 46 above described between the pump unit andthe crankcase. The port .i the Wallv of the crankcasc.

in dottedlines iny Fig. land in dashlines 130 'communicates with a passage or conduit' y131 passing 'diagonally upwardly through It.` may besecn in Fig. 7. Referring particularly to Fig. `1,

- described and a unit from'the engine`..-

^ moving' it will be seen that its upperendv connects with a union 1132 having several branches for carrylng oil under .pressure to the various branches of the engine. One of these' branches,

'133, leads downwardly to anannular groovethe. connecting rod bearings. .Another branch, 136, from the union 132 leads to a. bearing 137 for thevertical shaft 128, and

a" third branch 139 leads to other bearings `ofthe engine.

As the. full course of the oil from the cranhcase through the pumps 76 and 77 to the oil.

reserv0ir105' and from that reservoir through, the pump 78 to the various bearings of the en'- j40 v .tion of the drawings,

gine,has beenhfully 'described in the descripi it is notnecessary to repeat it. The opleration of the other Vparte ofthe mechanism as also been fully set forth.

.It is obvious that the pump, unit as a wlml.

.may

s. The oil strainer wil out discennecting ,thelypump unitv from as aunit without. removing entire pump miniem-herein I i I which .'deem te"be." nevifandv advantaj ous may speicauycaim. I .do c esirje in said crankcase,

" be drivenffrom' sai v.pum 3. In.' an `internal com ustionengine, the' 134 in the bearing 123v above4 combination withthe .crankcase having an pipe 135 inthe .crankshaft leadssomeof vthe oil from' this grooveto.

`pump shaft..

be removed from the crankcase by -vre thejbolts 37 and withdrawing the" unit downwardly. It ymay be replaced? o 'rfl another similar unit/ connected'to'the crank .Cloths B.. y; 5.-'In""anfint ernal combustion eng1ne, the vthe oil pump. .The .three'oil pum s1 may-be* taken out without disturbinglthe uelpump'. The fuel Pump .may be.remcvdfwithdht--' disturbing the otherpnm' 4.ma be removed and" c eaned or rep1a`a.(,edv`

described in seine dei Atail a js ecic 'embodiment oi i my inventcn", tions,

it tobe understood that my invention is tion, may

P llpunit.comprising a support, three para C movablysecuredfto the engine, a water pumpv f connected to one of said shafts, an' oil pump i V:connected to another of` said" shafts, and a liquid fuel pulnp connected to be driven theotherof said shafts.. 1 l 2.111 an internal con1bust'i'on'- engine, the lcombinationwith the lcrankcasc having an opening thereinjand a crankshaft ymounted of a shaft driven by said` crankshaft and having its end extending acljacent 1 said opening,

a pump uni-t including" a casingfformmg afcoveryfor said,openingv and :detachably connected` to the ,cra'nkca se, andan oil .pump and a water pump mounted' in .said casing said .umps `i'xeincr 'fadaptedto shaft.

openingtherein, and a crankshaft mounted in saidlulkca'smof a shaft drivenl by, said ;y crankshaft and having its 'end extending.,adi.r

jacent' Seidbpening, a pum a casingjformmg a cover" and' aplurality of'bther pl'lmpsjv mounted 1 said pump-casing andlidriven from said water l tom opening, a c rankshaft in the crankcas'e,

Denies; 0f La pum Pum'P'iinit to pnnec..

water pump. [rr'u'mxi'tedv i1 1s`aid' A and'having a vertical'shaft adaptj twith said auxiliaryjshaft when H 4.' an internal.-coiinhustionengine,.the.l i combination. with a crankc'ase 4j having a 'andi:anjauxiliaryfshaft drivenby the` crank. vE f:sha ft'1 'a,1'1d having its -f'ree endv adjacentfsaid unit forming a cover` for `said opening' and etachably connected .tothe isfin place, and a plurality of ps' mounted in said unitv and concombination'with 'the kcrank'c'ase havingan aving outside Ainlet and out et' c onnec- 12o H'ou' tletfcil` conduits which are madand broken f" 'within th'e' crank case as the unit is connected r tffnd-discnnected respectively from .the thecngine. The fuel pump' maybe removedi 'combination with a crankcase having an opening therein, of a pump unit covering said opening and detachably secured to the crankcase, a Water pump mounted in said unit and having a shaft extending into said crank case, and atelescoped joint Within the crankcase adapted to connect said shaft to a movable part of the engine for driving said water pump.

7 In an internal combustion engine, 4including a crankshaft and a crankcase having an opening therein, a pump' support forming a cover for said opening and detachably connected to the crankcase, a Water pump con-- nected to said support and having a shaft extending through the support into the crankcase, separated packing devices around said pump shaft to prevent water getting into the crankcase, and means Within the crankcase for driving said waterpump from said crankshaft.

8, In an internal combustion engine, the combination with the crankcase having an opening therein, of a pump support forming a cover over said opening and detachably connected to the crank case, a Water pum connected to said support and having a sha t extending through the support into the crankcase, two separated packing devices around said pump shaft to prevent Water getting into the crankcase, a single adjusting means for taking up both of said packings, and meansk Within the crank case for driving said water pump from a. movable part of the engine.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a pump unit comprising a support having a flange for attachment'to the engine crankease, a Water pump having 'inlet and outlet conections, an oil pump device having inlet and outlet connections through said flange, and means within the crankcase for driving both of said pumps.

10. A pump unit comprising 'a casting forming an oil pump casing anda casing for a water pump'v and IWater pump shaft, said casting. also having a casing formed between the oilgpump casing and the-pump shaft casing' for the gears of another pump, gears Within the third casing, an oil pump in the oil pump casing, a Water pumpand shaft in the water pump and shaft casing, and means for driving the oil and water pumps and the gears for the lthird pump.

' '11. The combination with a crankcase of 153.l In aninternal combustion en ine, the

combination With a support detacha ly connected. to the engine, of a plurality of parallel shafts mounted in the support, gears connecting said shafts, a Water pump operated by one of said shafts, an oil pump operatedfby another of said shafts, and a liquid fuel pump operated b another of said shafts, and means to drive al of said shafts from the engine.

In testimony whereof I aii'x my signature.

LIONEL M. WOOLSON. 

